There are two different scenarios in which a student may be eligible to apply for work authorization related to recent hardship:
Severe economic hardship
A student experiences severe economic hardship due to unforeseen changes in their financial circumstances. Unforeseen changes in financial circumstances may include substantial fluctuations in the value of currency or exchange rate, loss of financial support, excessive medical bills, etc.
If eligible for this benefit, a student may apply to receive work authorization from USCIS to work off-campus.
Special student relief
A student experiences hardship related to emergent circumstances in their home country. Emergent circumstances may include natural disasters, wars, financial crises, etc. In such circumstances, the U.S. government authorizes special student relief for students from particular countries.
If eligible for this benefit, a student may apply to receive work authorization from USCIS to work off-campus or to work additional hours on-campus.